Wolf (Latin name: Canis lupus Linnaeus) cites Appendix Level: Ⅱ Protection level: National second-level protected animal. A total of 46 subspecies, medium size, well-proportioned, slender limbs, toe-like, good for fast running. The head and palate are pointed, the face is long, the nose is protruding, the ears are upright, the sense of smell is sensitive, and the sense of hearing is developed. The canine teeth and cracked teeth are well developed; the upper molars have obvious cusps, the lower molars have a small cusp and heel cusps on the inside; the crown diameter of the molars is larger than the height of the outer incisors; the tooth type is as follows. The hair is thick and long. Forefoot 4 to 5 toes, hind feet generally 4 toes; claws are thick and blunt, unable or slightly capable of stretching. The tail is hairy and more developed. Good at running fast and long distances, happy to live in groups, often chasing prey. Feeds on herbivores and rodents. Inhabits forests, deserts, mountains, tundra, coniferous forests and grasslands. Except for Antarctica and most of the islands, it is distributed all over the world. The appearance is similar to that of dogs and jackals. The feet are long and thin, with slanted eyes, the upper jaw is long, the mouth is wide and curved, the ears are erect, the chest is slightly narrow, and the tail is straight and drooping between the two hind legs. The coat color varies with the place of origin, with multi-hair color brownish yellow or grayish yellow, slightly mixed with black, and the lower part is whitish. It has a wide habitat range and strong adaptability. There are wolves living in mountains, forests, grasslands, and even ice sheets. Active at night, keen sense of smell and good hearing. Alert, suspicious, good at running, strong endurance, and often pursue prey. Wolves are carnivores. They mainly feed on deer, antelope, and rabbits. They also eat insects and mice. They can withstand hunger. Wolves are predatory animals. The wolf pack is formed in the form of a nuclear family, including a pair of spouses and their children, and sometimes includes adopted juvenile young wolves. Wolves are a typical secondary predator of the food chain. Usually, wolves prey on sheep and other domestic animals, so they were killed by humans before the end of the 20th century. Some subspecies such as Japanese wolves, Newfoundland wolves, Florida black wolves, and Kenai wolves have all become extinct. The exact number of subspecies is still undetermined today.