Wudalianchi is famous for China’s latest volcano and mineral water with magical curative effects. It has attracted countless Chinese and foreign scholars to investigate and study here. It has left precious scientific research results and made important contributions to Wudalianchi volcano and mineral water research and resource development. .
As far back as the 58th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1719), frequent earthquakes occurred here, and volcanoes erupted one after another from the 59th to 60th year of Kangxi. Local officials have sent people to investigate and monitor the site of the volcanic eruption on many occasions. At the same time, they have presented memorials to the Beijing court on many occasions, reported the volcanic eruption, and left a wealth of volcanic eruption data. Both the Ninggu Tower Jilue by Wu Zhenchen of the Qing Dynasty and the Heilongjiang Wai Ji by the Xi Qing Dynasty recorded the scene of this volcanic eruption more clearly. These are the first documents in China that have investigated and recorded the site of a volcanic eruption in detail.
Since the middle of the 19th century, some Russian scholars have entered this area for investigation, and they have described the Wudalianchi volcano in their travel records or writings. The prominent one is the Russian scholar WisLouch who visited this place in 1911 and published Wuyun and Erdongji Volcano (Wudalianchi Volcano), which described the distribution of Wudalianchi volcano and its geology and geomorphology in more detail.
After Japan invaded the northeastern region, it was mainly Japanese people who came here to conduct investigations, and the prominent person should belong to the volcano expert Ogura Mian. In July 1935, he led people to Wudalianchi for field surveys, and systematically investigated the topography, landform, climate, animals and plants, humanities and social conditions, conducted preliminary studies on volcanoes and mineral springs, and formalized a 1:5 survey. Ten thousand topographic maps, the Wudalianchi new stage volcanic rocks were called Shilongyan for the first time. He successively published the Geological Survey Report of Wudalianchi Volcano (1936), General Report of Wudalianchi Volcano in Northeast China (1938), and Beimanzhi Volcano Form (1938). The results of Ogura's investigation and research provided reliable basic data for future generations. Since then, some Japanese have come here to conduct mineral geological surveys.
During the Japanese occupation of Northeast China, Wudalianchi Volcano was also involved in articles such as Several Recent Volcanoes in Northeast China (1935) published by the famous geologist Yang Jie and Recent Volcanoes in China (1937) published by Yin Zanxun.
After the founding of New China in 1949, the geology department invested a lot of manpower and material resources to carry out geological and mineral surveys and research on volcanoes and mineral springs. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Northeast Geological Bureau, the Bei'an Geological Bureau, and the Geological Bureau of Nenjiang Special Administration sent geological teams into the Wudalianchi volcanic area to conduct geological surveys. It is worth mentioning that in 1960, the Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology of the Ministry of Geology sent personnel to investigate and study the mineral water, and sampled and tested it. The chemical composition and characteristics of the mineral water were summarized and evaluated, and the Heilongjiang Province Preliminary Investigation Report on Mineral Water in Wudalianchi Area, Dedu County. In 1967, the Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Brigade of Heilongjiang Provincial Bureau of Geology conducted 1:100,000 hydrogeological surveying and mapping in this area, and compiled the Mineral Spring Survey Briefing in Wudalianchi Area, Dedu County, which discussed the genesis of mineral water for the first time and reviewed the water quality. The evaluation also initially summarized its medical value. It has carried out aeromagnetic surveys, gravity surveys, remote sensing surveys, regional geological surveys, and infrared surveys. The largest amount of work and the most outstanding results were the mineral water exploration and volcanic survey work carried out by the Heilongjiang Provincial Hydrogeology Engineering Geology Brigade (1974-1978). More than 10,000 meters of drilling work was completed and 43 drills were drilled. Kong, not only ascertained the type, distribution, and water quality characteristics of Wudalianchi mineral water, ascertained the formation conditions and genesis of Yaoquan Volcano mineral water, evaluated the reserves of Yaoquan Volcano mineral water resources, and comprehensively and systematically investigated the landform and volcanic geology of Wudalianchi area. Geothermal, groundwater, etc., for the first time compiled a 1:50,000 geological map, landform map, hydrogeological map of Wudalianchi area, and submitted the Minewater Hydrogeological Survey Report of Wudalianchi Area, Dedu County, Heilongjiang Province (1976), Dedu, Heilongjiang Province Preliminary Exploration Report of Mineral Water in Yaoquan VolcanoMining Area of County(1979). In the report, the Wudalianchi volcano eruption was divided into five phases, breaking through the argument that the two phases of the old and new phases have been inherited for many years; it was also the first to discover the existence of shield volcanoes in this area; for the first time, it demonstrated the distribution of faults in the area and the existence of uplift and depression structures; especially It is clearly proposed for the first time that there are three types of volcanoes in the area (composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, cinder volcanoes), three types of rock flows (crusted rock flow, slag rock flow, and massive rock flow), and three types of volcanic eruption (also eruption). New understandings such as flooding, mainly overflowing, mainly erupting) and the temporal and spatial laws of volcanic activity have pushed the Wudalianchi volcanic mineral water research to the peak, laid the pattern and provided valuable information. System, the most comprehensive geological survey and research work, and also the largest mineral water survey and resource evaluation work in China.
After 1988, the seismic department invested more in the Wudalianchi area to investigate and research volcano geology, and established a seismic volcano monitoring station, and also carried out a 1:10,000 volcanic geological mapping of Laohei Volcano and Huoshao Volcano. In 1997, China University of Geosciences cooperated with the Earthquake Administration of Heilongjiang Province to refill the volcanic geological map of Laohei Volcano and Huoshao Volcano, and conducted research on the volcanic structure, eruption patterns, and rocks of Laohei Volcano and Huoshao Volcano. The seismic department also carried out magnetotelluric sounding, studied the source of Wudalianchi magma and the structure of the crust and upper ground, and gained important understanding.
In 1996, the 30th International Geological Conference was held in China, and the Wudalianchi Volcano Group was listed as the first field survey route of the conference. In order to do a good job of inspection and reception, the Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources organized experts to conduct in-depth research on the geology, structure, mineral water, and volcanic geology of Wudalianchi. It was discovered that a volcano erupted 2 million years ago, and further divided 7 volcanic eruption periods. Moreover, it was proposed for the first time that the shield volcano in this area is also a major form of eruption, explored the rock geochemical characteristics and magma source, summarized the rules and activity characteristics of volcanic eruption, and selected geological survey routes and survey points. Wang Yunpeng and others represented the province. The book Wudalianchi Volcano Group (English) written by the Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources has been approved by the organization of the International Geological Congress and domestic experts as the conference geology series and the geological survey guide of the route, and is issued by the conference both at home and abroad. This is the first time that the Wudalianchi volcanoes and mineral water have been introduced to the world comprehensively and systematically at a major international conference, reflecting the latest comprehensive research results and the highest level of China's Wudalianchi volcanoes at that time. During the conference, 16 geological experts from 7 countries were received to investigate here. In addition, two papers on Wudalianchi Volcano written by Wang Yunpeng and Gong Jiesheng were exchanged and published at the 30th International Geological Congress.
Entering the beginning of the 21st century, the Heilongjiang Provincial Geological Survey Institute completed four regional geological surveys, including 1:50,000 five Dalianchi farms, Yinlonghe farm ten teams, Dedu county, and Erlongshan farms. The outstanding feature is the research and summary of rock geochemistry, volcanic facies, volcanic structure, magma origin and evolution, stratigraphy, structure, etc. on the basis of previous work, making Wudalianchi volcanic geology research more systematic.
In the past ten years, the Heilongjiang Provincial Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Survey Institute has carried out investigations and studies on mineral water, geothermal, geological environment, geological disasters, and tourism resources in the Wudalianchi area, and completed the preparation of volcanic mineral water protection, development, construction planning, national The application for the World Geopark has made outstanding contributions to the development, construction and development of the Wudalianchi Nature Reserve and Geopark.
Since the 1970s, more than ten national or provincial volcanic geology or mineral water medical conferences have been held in Wudalianchi. Each conference has published a number of valuable papers, which are collected in the conference proceedings. Important collections of papers include Selected Papers on Wudalianchi Volcanoes and Mineral Springs in Heilongjiang Province, China(2001), Collections of Papers on Wudalianchi Volcanoes and Mineral Springs Episode 1 (1979) and Episode 2 (1997), etc.
Numerous geologists in China have come to Wudalianchi to carry out geological survey and research work, and they have devoted a lot of effort and achieved fruitful results, making Wudalianchi volcanoes and mineral water research continuous breakthroughs. Experts with outstanding achievements include Wang Yunpeng, Liu Jiaqi, Liu Ruoxin, Qiu Jiaxiang, Wang Chengqi, Gong Jiesheng, Xu Yanqiang, Zhou Yaming, Wang Xun, Hu Junsheng, Liu Xiang, Zhang Haiyan, Lu Zongjiang, Ren Jinzhang, Chen Hongzhou, etc. Some experts and professors have also conducted research. , Some achievements have been made, so I won’t repeat them here.